Frailty syndrome in older adults: a literature review

Abstract

Currently, there is an increase in the aging population, associated with a rise in chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes, among which frailty syndrome stands out. The objective of this study was to identify antecedents, manifestations, characteristics and consequences of frailty syndrome in older adults. A qualitative methodology based on the analysis of scientific literature was conducted. Results show that the most prevalent characteristics of frailty are the body’s inability to maintain homeostasis, gait alterations and sarcopenia. The most relevant antecedents include biological, physical and social factors, particularly lack of social support, advanced age and female gender. The most evident consequence was the increased risk of falls among older adults. The analysis of frailty antecedents is of great importance for prevention, early detection, treatment and rehabilitation of older people.